Human Anatomy and Physiology

This chapter describes the blood circulatory system. We will discuss the properties, composition and functions of blood. It explains the blood transfusion and blood groups. We will also study the two blood circulation—pulmonary and systemic.

This chapter deals with the substances that need to be eliminated from the body. It discusses the different excretory organs in humans. It explains the external and internal structure of the kidney. It also describes osmoregulation and artificial kidney.

This chapter discusses the functions of the nervous system. It explains the concepts of neurons, nerves, and the two major divisions of the nervous system. It also discusses the peripheral nervous system and involuntary actions.

This chapter deals with the sense organs. We will study the structure of an eye and eyeball. We will discuss the common defects of the eye like myopia, hypermetropia, presbyopia. We will also learn about the ear the organ for hearing and balance.

This chapter explains the need for the regulation of body activities. It tells us about the general properties of hormones. Here, we will study the different endocrine glands and their properties. It also covers the concept of control of hormonal secretions.

This chapter discusses reproduction and the reproductive system in humans. It explains the menstrual cycle and the concept of fertilisation and implantation. We will also learn about the functions of the placenta and the notion of parturition.