Miscellaneous

This chapter sheds light on the idea of biomolecules in cells. We will enhance our knowledge regarding the biological significance of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. Furthermore, we will explore the notion of enzymes as well.

This topic sheds light on body fluids and circulation. We will understand the composition of blood. It explains the different blood groups. The lymphatic system, cardiac cycle, and structure of the human heart are also discussed through diagrams.

This chapter explains the process of respiration, its types, respiratory organs and the mechanism of breathing and regulation in humans. It also explains gaseous transport, regulation of respiration, and various disorders of the respiratory system.

This chapter features the study of human endocrine system, glands, hormones, kidneys, and gastrointestinal tract. We will also learn about the hormonal actions on the human body with the help of pictures.

This chapter talks about digestion and absorption. The structure of the human alimentary canal is discussed. We will learn the role of digestive enzymes in the digestion process. It also covers some nutritional and digestive disorders.

This chapter sheds light on the human excretory system and the organs associated with it. It describes the functions of the human excretory system. It also highlights the physiology of urine formation and disorders of the excretory system.

This chapter provides knowledge of the human skeletal system. It highlights the types of movement that take place in the human body. It also elucidates the functions of the skeletal system and disorders related to it.

This chapter sheds light on essential mineral elements required for the growth and development of plants. We will study the role of macronutrients and micronutrients. It also explains nitrogen metabolism and the biochemistry of nitrogen fixation.

This chapter introduces the candidates to the mechanism of neural control and coordination. They explore the human neural system, reflex action, and conduction of nerve impulses. It also explains the structure and function of human eyes and ears.

This chapter throws light on photosynthesis in higher plants. The site of photosynthesis and pigments involved in it is elaborated here. It also sketches light reaction, photorespiration, and factors affecting photosynthesis in detail.

This chapter focuses on plant growth and development. Here, we will study the various processes and stages of photoperiodism and vernalization in detail. It also provides an overview of plant growth regulators and their functions.

This chapter provides information about cellular respiration in plants. It also explains aerobic and anaerobic respiration, and a brief note on the amphibolic pathway and respiratory quotient is also given here.

This chapter talks about transport in plants. Various means of transport in plants are described here. We will also know more about plants, their water relations, long-distance transport of water, mineral nutrients, transpiration, and phloem transport.