Class XII

This unit discusses the general properties of a solution. It explains the types of solutions, solubility, the vapour pressure of liquid-liquid solutions, ideal and non-ideal solutions and determination of molar mass.

This unit discusses various concepts of electrochemistry, such as electrochemical cells, galvanic cells, the Nernst equation and the conductance of electrolytic solutions. It also covers batteries and fuel cells in detail.

This unit discusses the rate of a chemical reaction and the factors affecting it. It further describes the theories of the reaction rate and temperature dependence of a chemical reaction.

This unit discusses the p-block elements in detail, including group 15, 16, 17 and 18 elements. It also discusses the properties of compounds like dinitrogen, phosphine, dioxygen, ozone, hydrogen chloride, oxoacids of halogen, etc.

This chapter gives an overview of d- and f-block elements and their applications. We study the general properties of d-block elements and some important compounds of transition metals. It explains the general properties of lanthanoids and actinoids.

This unit discusses the Coordination Compounds. It describes Werner's Theory, Nomenclature of Coordination Compounds, Isomerism in Coordination Compounds, Bonding in Coordination Compounds. It discusses the applications of Coordination Compounds.

This chapter provides information on Haloalkanes and Haloarenes. It discusses their classification, nomenclature, and preparation. We also understand their physical properties and chemical reactions, alongside the uses of polyhalogen compounds.

This chapter provides a general introduction to alcohols, phenols, and ethers. It explains their preparation, physical and chemical properties, and tests. It also sheds light on some commercially important alcohols.

This chapter talks about the nomenclature and structure of aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids. We will learn their preparation methods along with their physical properties and chemical reactions. Uses of carboxylic acids are also discussed here.

This chapter teaches the nomenclature, structure and classification of amines and diazonium salts. We will know their preparation methods, physical properties and chemical reactions. The uses of diazonium salt are also elaborated.

This chapter sheds light on the idea of biomolecules in cells. We will enhance our knowledge regarding the biological significance of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. Furthermore, we will explore the notion of enzymes as well.