Chemical Properties of Phenols

When sodium phenoxide is heated with carbon dioxide under pressure, sodium salicylate is obtained as major product. This on acidification given salicylic acid. This reaction is known as

​The electrophile involved in the above reaction is

​The electrophile involved in the above reaction is

The structure of the compound that gives a tribromo derivative on treatment with bromine water is –

The structure of the compound that gives a tribromo derivative on treatment with bromine water is

p-cresol reacts with chloroform in alkaline medium to give the compound $\mathrm{A}$ which adds hydrogen cyanide to form the compound$\mathrm{B}$ . The latter on acidic hydrolysis gives chiral carboxylic acid. The structure of the carboxylic acid is –

The major product obtained on interaction of phenol with sodium hydroxide and carbon dioxide is –

In the following questions a statement of assertion followed by a statement of reason is given. Choose the correct answer out of the following choices.

Assertion : Phenols give $\mathrm{o}-$ and $\mathrm{p}-$nitrophenol on nitration with conc. ${\mathrm{HNO}}_3$ and ${\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4$ mixture.
Reason : $—\mathrm{OH}$ group in phenol is $\mathrm{o}–, \mathrm{p}–$ directing.

Assertion : Phenol is more reactive than benzene towards electrophilic substitution reaction.
Reason : In the case of phenol, the intermediate arenium ion is more stabilized by resonance.

Assertion: Phenol is more acidic than ethanol.
Reason: Phenoxide ion is resonance stabilized.

Electrophilic substitution involved in _____ of phenol.

At high temperature, phenol produces para product on sulphonation.

Write the reaction of phenol with sulphuric acid.

The reaction sequence,

the major products $\mathrm{X}$ and $\mathrm{Y}$, respectively, are

Mark the correct order of decreasing acid strength of the following compounds.

Why is the ionization constant of phenol higher than that of ethanol?

Phenol on reaction with _____ and Potassium hydroxide, we get salicyaldehyde as product. (Provide the common name of the compound).

Phenol is more acidic than alcohols. This is due to  _____  stabilisation of the conjugate base of phenol- phenoxide.

In Kolbe's reaction, end product is _____ acid.