Intermolecular Forces and Thermal Energy

IMPORTANT

Intermolecular Forces and Thermal Energy: Overview

This topic covers concepts such as Intermolecular Forces, London Dispersion Forces, van der Waals Forces, Ion-dipole Forces, Dipole-dipole Forces, Dipole-induced Dipole Forces, Hydrogen Bonding, Applications of Hydrogen Bonding, Thermal Energy, etc.

Important Questions on Intermolecular Forces and Thermal Energy

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The intermolecular attraction that is dependent on the inverse cube of the distance between the molecules is _____(London force/Hydrogen bond)

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Define thermal energy of a substance.

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Gases do not settle at the bottom of a container. Why?

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Arrange solid, liquid and gas in order of increasing thermal energy, giving reasons.

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The increasing order of viscosity of the following compounds is given as 

hexane < H2O < glycerol

Which of the following is the correct reason?

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Gases expand and occupy all the space available to them. Which of the following assumption explain this behaviour correctly?

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Gases show _____ (high/ low) diffusion as compared to solid and liquid.

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The intermolecular attraction that is dependent on the inverse cube of the distance between the molecules is

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Assertion. H2O is the only hydride of group-16 which is liquid at ordinary temperature.

Reason. In ice, each oxygen atom is surrounded by two covalent bonds and two hydrogen bonds.

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Assertion. Both o-hydroxy benzaldehyde and p-hydroxy benzaldehyde have same molecular weight and show H-bonding.

Reason. Melting point of p-hydroxy benzaldehyde is more.

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Assertion. The HF2- ion exists in the solid-state and also in the liquid state but not in an aqueous solution.

Reason. The magnitude of hydrogen bonds in between HF-HF  molecules are weaker than that in between HF and H2O molecules.

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Statement-I. The boiling point of NH3 lies between that of SbH3 and BiH3 .

Statement-2. PH3 has much lower boiling point than NH3 but it increases from PH3 to AsH3 to SbH3 to BiH3 due to increase in van der Waals forces.

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Statement-I. o-Nitrophenol has a higher boiling point than p-Nitrophenol.

Statement-2. Intramolecular hydrogen bonding occurs in o-Nitro-phenol.

MEDIUM
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When two ice cubes are pressed over each other, they unite to form one cube which of the following force is responsible to hold them together?

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Intermolecular forces in liquid are

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The enthalpy of vaporization of H2O, C2H5OH, and CS2 are 40.6, 38.6, and 26.8 kJ mol-1 respectively. The order of decreasing intermolecular forces in these liquids is,

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The intermolecular force of attraction is very feeble in gases. 

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Define the following terms:
Intermolecular forces.

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In liquids, the forces of attraction between molecules are _____  than in solids.

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The intermolecular force of attraction is the weakest in _____ state of matter. (Gaseous/Liquid)