Ray Optics

This topic covers concepts such as Optics, Geometrical Optics, Newton's Corpuscular Theory, Wave Theory of Light, Speed of Light, Ray of Light, Beam of Light, Point Object, Extended Object, Ray Diagrams, Nature of Image, and Position of Image.

This topic covers concepts such as Reflection of Light, Laws of Reflection of Light, First Law of Reflection, Second Law of Reflection, Deviation in Reflected Ray, Laws of Reflection in Vector Form, and Regular and Diffused Reflection.

This topic covers concepts such as Effect on Reflection of Light Due to Rotation of Mirror, Reflection from a Plane Mirror, Plane Mirror, Field of View, Deviation by Plane Mirrors, Ray Diagrams in Plane Mirror, and Nature of Image in Plane Mirror.

This topic covers concepts such as Reflection from Curved Mirror, Spherical Mirror, Pole of Spherical Mirror, Center of Curvature in Mirrors, Focus of Mirrors, Focal Length of Mirror, Sign Convention in Mirrors, and Coordinate Convention.

This topic covers concepts such as Refraction of Light, Absolute Refractive Index, Incident Ray, Refracted Ray, Snell's Law, Relative Refractive Index, and Fermat's Principle.

This topic covers concepts such as Refraction from Plane Surface, Refraction from Single Slab, Refraction from Multiple Glass Slab, Deviation in Refraction, Apparent Depth for One Liquid, and Shift of Image Due to Refraction.

This topic covers concepts such as Refraction from Spherical Surface and Lateral Magnification in Single Spherical Surface.

This topic covers concepts such as Total Internal Reflection, Critical Angle, Total Reflecting Prisms, Total Internal Reflection in Liquids, Total Internal Reflection in Diamond, and Total Internal Reflection in Mirage.

This topic covers concepts such as Lens, Thin Lens, Thick Lens, Lens Surface Nomenclature, Two Foci of Lens, Focal Length of Lens, Optical Centre, Centers of Curvature of a Lens, Principal Axis of Lens, Paraxial Rays, and Lens Equation.

This topic covers concepts such as Combinations of Lenses and Mirrors.

This topic covers concepts such as Prism, Angle of Prism, Deviation by Prism, Condition for Minimum Deviation in Prism, Condition of No Emergence in Prism, Deviation versus Incident Angle Graph in Prism, and Deviation from Small Angle Prism.

This topic covers concepts such as Chromatic Aberration and Spherical Aberration.

This topic covers concepts such as Optical Instruments, Eye as Optical Instrument, Defects of Eye, Myopia and Its Removal, Hypermetropia and Its Removal, Astigmatism and Its Removal, Far Point, Human Eye, Pupil, Iris, Cornea, and Optic Nerve.

This topic covers concepts such as Optical Instruments as Combination of Lenses, Magnifying Power, Microscopes, Simple Microscope, Compound Microscope, Eyepiece of Microscope, Objective of Microscope, and Ray Diagrams for Microscope.

This topic covers concepts such as Telescope, Astronomical Telescope, Terrestrial Telescope, Galilean Telescope, Eyepiece of Telescope, Objective of Telescope, Ray Diagram for Telescope, Magnifying Power of Telescope, and Refracting Telescope.

This topic covers concepts such as Spectrometer: Parts and Construction, Adjustments of the Spectrometer, Determination of Refractive Index of Material of the Prism Using Spectrometer, and Determination of Angle of the Prism Using Spectrometer.