Atomic Structure

This topic contains the historical perspectives of atom by discussing the experiments done before for the structure of an atom. It mentions that matter is composed of indivisible building blocks, atoms and this idea was recorded in the fifth century.

The topic discusses the Dalton's Atomic Theory. It mentions the propositions given by Dalton along with some drawbacks of this theory.

In this topic, we will learn about the discovery of electrons, protons, neutrons and other atomic particles. We will also study the charge to mass ratio of electrons and charges on the electron with the aid of examples.

In this topic, we will understand Thomson’s model of an atom with the diagrammatic representation. We will know about the experiment done by Thomson on watermelon. It also explains the limitations of Thomson’s model.

This topic explains Rutherford’s model of an atom with the illustrations. Here, we will become familiar with the atomic structure by studying this model. It also discusses the limitations of Rutherford’s model.

In this topic, we will study the discovery of nucleus by discussing the model given for this. It mentions that the nucleus consists of protons and neutrons with the same charge as protons and same mass as neutrons.

In this topic, we will study the criteria of stability of an atom. It discusses the methods of gaining and losing an electron in order to make the atom stable. We will also study these methods to achieve atomic stability with the help of examples.

In this topic, we will understand two major developments that played a major role in the formulation of Bohr’s model of an atom. We will get familiar with the dual nature of electromagnetic radiation. It also explains the limitations of Bohr’s model.

In this topic, we will understand the concept of atomic orbitals. We will also know the different models and experiments related to the discovery of atoms.

In this topic, we will learn about atomic numbers. It explains the different terms associated with atomic numbers. We will also learn how to calculate the atomic number and average atomic number with the aid of examples.

This topic details the atomic and molecular masses. It explains different terms associated with atomic mass. We will also learn about formula mass and average atomic mass via illustrative examples.

The concept of isotopes is introduced in this topic. It states that the elements having the same atomic number but different mass numbers are termed isotopes. It also consists of examples to illustrate the concept of isotopes.

This topic discusses the arrangement of electrons around the nucleus of the atom. It discusses the electronic configurations for the electrons. It explains how electrons are arranged in shells around the atom's nucleus.

From this topic, we will study the valence shell, valence electrons and valency. It discusses the number of electrons lost, gained or shared by an atom during any reaction. It also discusses the outermost shell and number of electrons in that shell.

In this topic, we will learn the radicals. It discusses the basic meaning and various examples for radicals. Further, it also discusses the importance of radicals. It explains the formation of radicals.

This topic deals with chemical bonds. It explains the attraction of ions, molecules and atoms to form a chemical bond. Further, it also discusses the different types of chemical bonds and their features.