Materials

This chapter describes animal fibres and the process involved in converting fibres into fabrics. It discusses the rearing of sheep, etc., and different steps of processing fibre into wool. It also explains silk and its production in detail.

This chapter deals with the concept of heat. Here, it describes the temperature and the instruments used for its measurement. Further, it explains the effects and transfer of heat with its applications and examples.

This chapter focuses on acids and bases with their properties and uses. It discusses the natural, synthetic and universal indicators with their examples. It also explains the neutralization in everyday life and briefs about chemical reactions.

This chapter helps us differentiate between the physical and chemical changes that occur in matter. We will also learn the process of rusting with methods to counter it and the concept of combustion and crystallization.