Physics

This chapter covers topics like basic physical quantities and units, measurement and units of volume, measurement and units of area, density and relative density, and speed.

This chapter discusses the basic principles of motion, how to measure the rate of motion, graphical representation of motion, how to get the equation of motion and uniform circular motion by graphical method.

The chapter describes the situations when there is no work done. We will learn to measure work and its units. Kinetic and potential energies are discussed here in brief. It also discusses the transformation of energy and the work-energy relationship.

The chapter discusses ray diagrams and construction of images. It covers terms related to spherical mirrors. It describes the images formed by concave and convex mirrors. It also explores refraction and dispersion of light and the laws of refraction.

In this chapter, we will study the concept of heat and temperature. It illustrates the thermal equilibrium and thermal expansion, along with their differences. We will also learn about the anomalous behaviour of water with the help of experiments.

This chapter comprises the details of loudness, pitch and quality of sound. It describes the musical instruments which include wind instruments, stringed instruments and the percussion instruments. We will also learn about the unit of loudness.

This chapter covers topics like magnets and magnetism, electromagnet, electric bell, earth as a magnet, electricity and its sources, effects of electricity, conductors and insulators of electricity, and electric circuit.